Job Market Monitor
Michel Cournoyer
Gender gap – Gender-stereotyping managers
In a recent IZA Discussion Paper by Aarhus University researchers Tor Eriksson, Nina Smith and Valdemar Smith use data from a survey conducted among managers to examine gender stereotypes and self-stereotyping. Based on a large field study of around 3,000 Danish managers at all levels (from CEOs to managers at low levels), the authors calculate … Continue reading
Lifelong Learning – The future of learning is not in the classroom, with increased importance of “soft” attributes as collaboration, empathy, and meaning making
The future of learning is not in the classroom. It’s in the field—finding ways to do better while doing the work. This won’t happen by chance. You need to model learning behaviors and invest in the development of learning processes and tools. You need to take an appropriately humble stand about the challenges ahead—for you … Continue reading
Labor Force Participation in US – Has fallen more in areas where relatively more opioid pain medication is prescribed
The labor force participation rate in the U.S. has declined since 2007 primarily because of population aging and ongoing trends that preceded the Great Recession. The participation rate has evolved differently, and for different reasons, across demographic groups. A rise in school enrollment has largely offset declining participation for young workers since the 1990s. The … Continue reading
L’Emploi au Québec, Août 2017 – 93 000 emplois de plus depuis 12 mois et une baisse du taux de chômage a diminué de 0,9 pp
Au Québec, l’emploi a peu varié pour le deuxième mois consécutif. Au cours de la période de 12 mois ayant pris fin en août, l’emploi dans la province a augmenté de 2,3 % (+93 000), et près des deux tiers de cette hausse a eu lieu dans le travail à temps plein. Au cours de la même période, le taux … Continue reading
Job Report in Canada, August 2017 – Employment was little changed, unemployment rate at 6.2%, matching the most recent low of October 2008
Employment was little changed in August (+22,000 or +0.1%). The unemployment rate declined by 0.1 percentage points to 6.2%, matching the most recent low of October 2008, the month prior to the 2008-2009 labour-market downturn. An increase in the number of people working part time (+110,000) was mostly offset by a decline in the number of people employed full time (-88,000). While … Continue reading
L’Université au Québec – Frais de scolarité en 2017-2018 : 2 889$ contre 6 571$ en moyenne au Canada
Les droits de scolarité associés aux programmes postsecondaires menant à un grade ont, dans l’ensemble, augmenté en 2017-2018. Toutefois, les coûts réels que les étudiants doivent payer varient en fonction de leur programme d’études, ainsi que des subventions et de l’aide financière qu’ils peuvent recevoir. Les droits de scolarité des programmes de premier cycle des étudiants … Continue reading
The Future of Work – Artificial Intelligence (AI) won’t replace most jobs but people using it are starting to replace people who don’t
As AI is increasingly applied to knowledge work, a significant shift will likely take place in the workplace, affecting many jobs in the Western middle class. Contrary to recent dire predictions about AI’s effect on employment, our survey suggests cautious optimism. Most respondents, for example, do not expect that AI will lead to a reduction … Continue reading
General vs Vocational Education – Vocational training should not substitute for providing strong basic skills
Policy proposals promoting vocational education focus on the school-to-work transition. But with technological change, gains in youth employment may be offset by less adaptability and diminished employment later in life. To test for this trade-off, we employ a difference-in-differences approach that compares employment rates across different ages for people with general and vocational education. Using … Continue reading
Transition From School to Work in OECD – 13% of 15-19 year-olds have already left school
Most people in OECD countries make the transition from education to work between the ages of 20 and 24, but 13% of 15-19 year-olds have already left school. The transition from school to work is more difficult for young people without upper secondary education. On average across OECD countries, 36% of 20-24 year-olds who were … Continue reading
Labour slack in the EU – Around 50 million people
The unemployment rate is an important and well-publicised measure of labour market performance in developed market economies. It is currently high in the EU compared with other developed countries and still well above its historical average nearly a decade a er the beginning of the global financial crisis. But focusing exclusively on the unemployment rate … Continue reading
Australia – A strong association between casual employment and financial hardship
Employment and economic well-being are very closely related. Employment is the key means of generating income to both pay for current expenses and save for the future. Hence, volatile earnings and jobs can lead to severe financial stress. The past two decades have registered substantial changes in the overall structure of employment in many western … Continue reading
US – What reasons are given for nonparticipation in the labor force?
While a comprehensive explanation of labor force nonparticipation is outside the scope of this paper, we can gain some insight from self-reported reasons for being out of the labor force.2 In figure 3, we describe the reasons that prime-age men and women give for their nonparticipation. (The percentage in each category is out of the … Continue reading
August 2017 Job Report in US – Disappointing with total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 156,000
Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 156,000 in August, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 4.4 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job gains occurred in manufacturing, construction, professional and technical services, health care, and mining. Household Survey Data In August, the unemployment rate, at 4.4 percent, and the number … Continue reading
Portugal – Raising skills remains a priority and lifelong learning activities should focus more on the low skilled OECD says
Despite significant progress made, improving skills remains one of Portugal’s key challenges for raising growth, living standards and well-being. Upskilling the adult population remains a priority and lifelong learning activities should focus more on the low skilled. While active labour market policies have increased their training content in recent years, spending per unemployed is still … Continue reading
Training, Apprenticeship and Internship – 5 Models of work-based and work-related learning
In Germany work-based learning – which goes by the long-established title: “Learning in the Process of Work”, has been gaining in importance since the 1970s. The term learning here is considered the ideal for the comprehensive development that delivers professional competence. The digitalization of work actually reinforces a renaissance of learning in and through work. … Continue reading
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