Job Market Monitor
Canada
Étudiants Postsecondaires au Canada – Hausse pour une troisième année universitaire consécutive grâce aux étudiants de originaires de la Chine et de l’Inde
Les effectifs des universités et des collèges publics canadiens ont augmenté pour une troisième année universitaire consécutive en 2017-2018. Cette augmentation s’explique principalement par l’accroissement des inscriptions d’étudiants internationaux, en particulier ceux originaires de la Chine et de l’Inde. Plus de 2,1 millions d’étudiants se sont inscrits à des universités ou à des collèges publics canadiens au cours … Continue reading
Wages Inequalities in Canada – 60% of the dispersion in individual employment earnings is accounted for by worker characteristics within firms, and the remaining 40% by firm characteristics
While the productivity gap between the top 10% of firms in the productivity distribution and other firms in the Canadian economy has increased since 2000, it has not resulted in a widening of the employment earnings distribution. The employment earnings gap between workers in the top and bottom ends of the earnings distribution has actually declined over … Continue reading
Skills and Education in Canada – Students find it challenging to translate their understanding of skill requirements into concrete choices about education, training and careers
When stepping into post-secondary education, students are at crossroads while they make important decisions and investments amid considerable uncertainty. While this may be the unavoidable norm, better career development and targeted labour market information (LMI) can support students in making informed career decisions and successful transitions by providing data and insights on educational and labour … Continue reading
Canada – Population growth concentrated in urban regions, fuelled by permanent and temporary immigration
Canada continues to be more urbanized as the population of Canada’s census metropolitan areas (CMAs) rose to 27.0 million (71.7%). CMAs outpaced growth in the rest of the country (1.7% versus 0.6%). Permanent and temporary immigration continues to drive population growth in Canada’s CMAs, accounting for almost all of their growth in 2018/2019. In contrast, international migration accounted for … Continue reading
Over-education of Immigrants in Canada – A much higher likelihood of over-education than US peers
Canada and the United States are two major immigrant destinations with distinct immigration policies. The two countries also differ in immigration level and economy size, but their government structures, economic systems and social environment have many similarities. These similarities and differences provide a useful setting for comparative immigration research. This study assesses the degree of … Continue reading
Digital Skills Most In Demand in Job Postings in Canada – Not highly technical programming languages, but everyday digital skills
To illuminate the different combinations of skills that Canadians need to be competitive in the labour market, we have partnered with Burning Glass Technologies (Burning Glass) to examine job posting data from January 2012 to December 2018. This data covers all of the English- language online job postings in Canada, and reflects the combination of … Continue reading
Immigrants in Canada – Recent immigrants have higher entry wages and more work experience prior to admission than before
Immigrants admitted to Canada in 2016 reported a median entry wage of $25,900 in 2017, the highest recorded among immigrants admitted since 1981. Although the entry wages of recent immigrants have increased over the past few years, their income remains lower than that of the overall Canadian population. The Canadian Income Survey estimated the Canadian population’s median wage at $36,100 in 2017. … Continue reading
STEM-educated Immigrants in Canada – The country of education appears to be an important determinant
This paper examines the skill utilization and earnings of employed immigrants with a university degree in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Unlike earlier papers, which dealt with immigrant STEM graduates as a whole, this paper disaggregates the results by field of study and degree level (bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral). In 2016, immigrants … Continue reading
Over-education Immigration in Canada – Recent immigrants experienced a clear occupational downgrading
The educational attainment of the Canadian population has been rising rapidly in recent decades. There is concern that educational expansion has outpaced demand, leading to an increased prevalence of over-education. Over-education is defined as educational qualification that exceeds what is required to adequately perform the job. This study uses census data to document the rising … Continue reading
Job Report in Canada, November 2019 – Employment fell by 71,000 and unemployment rose to 5.9%
After holding steady in October, employment fell by 71,000 (-0.4%) in November. The unemployment rate rose by 0.4 percentage points to 5.9%. Compared with November 2018, employment gains otalled 293,000 (+1.6%), with the increase largely accounted for by full-time work. Over the same period, total hours worked grew by 0.2%. Highlights In November, employment declined in Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia, while it was … Continue reading
Commuting in Canada – The proportion of people working 25 kilometres (km) or more from the city centre is increasing
Using data from the 1996 and 2016 Census of Population, this study examines the geographic location of jobs, people’s commute and how they have changed over time. The commuting patterns for Canada’s eight largest census metropolitan areas (CMAs)—Toronto, Montréal, Vancouver, Calgary, Ottawa–Gatineau, Edmonton, Québec and Winnipeg—are compared. Since 1996, jobs have been moving away from … Continue reading
NEETs in Canada – 11.1% of Canadian youth, more likely to have poorer self-reported physical and mental health
Youth not in employment, education or training (NEET) are considered to be at risk for long-term economic and social difficulties. The number of youth NEET is important to Canada and has also become a global issue, as evidenced by its inclusion as an indicator in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. To date, most of … Continue reading
Temporary Foreign Workers in Canada – Open work permits holders had the lowest median annual earnings in 2016
Temporary residents with open work permits (OWP) accounted for 1.2% of total T4 earners in Canada in 2016 compared with 0.5% a decade earlier. This is a larger increase than among those with employer-specific work permits (ESWP), whose share grew from 0.2% to 0.3% for high-skill workers and stayed the same at 0.3% for low-skill workers. These are among the findings of a … Continue reading
Citizenship of New Immigrants in Canada – It has declined considerably, mainly among immigrants with lower family incomes and lower levels of education
Canada has one of the highest immigrant citizenship rates among major Western countries. However, over the past 20 years, the percentage of recent immigrants acquiring Canadian citizenship has declined considerably, mainly among immigrants with lower family incomes and lower levels of education. Citizenship is a key marker of integration, allowing immigrants to vote, run for political office, … Continue reading
Skills Training in Canada – Most have not recently accessed it
Respondents were then presented with a list of institutions and asked if they had accessed skills training from any of them in the past five years. Results reveal that most Canadians have not recently accessed skills training. Fewer than half (43 per cent) have accessed workplace training in the past five years, while less than … Continue reading
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