Job Market Monitor
Michel Cournoyer
STEM in US – Skills that matter to regions
This article highlights research in The STEM Dilemma: Skills That Matter to Regions, which was recently published by the Upjohn Institute. The book looks at the regional workforce through the lens of the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) associated with regional occupations. This fine-grained approach uses data in the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) database to … Continue reading
Future of Work – Automation has not been employment-displacing but has reduced labor’s share in value added study finds
Is automation a labor-displacing force? This possibility is both an age-old concern and at the heart of a new theoretical literature considering how labor immiseration may result from a wave of “brilliant machines,” which is in part motivated by declining labor shares in many developed countries. Comprehensive evidence on this labor-displacing channel is at present … Continue reading
Qualifications frameworks in Europe, 2017 – A total of 39 European countries
As countries across Europe are pushing ahead with their national qualifications frameworks (NQFs), the question of the frameworks’ added value and contribution to policies and practices is taking centre stage. While every NQF is unique, being organically woven into the fabric of a country’s education and training system, the frameworks share many features. They are … Continue reading
Gender Gap in Europe – Women in the EU earned on average 16% less than men in 2016
In 2016, the unadjusted gender pay gap stood at just over 16% in the European Union (EU). In other words, women earned on average 84 cents for every euro a man makes per hour. Across Member States, the gender pay gap in 2016 ranged from just over 5% in Romania and Italy, to more than … Continue reading
UK – What distinguishes schools which guide significant numbers of pupils into apprenticeships from those which do not?
Recent government figures have shown that despite the overall number of apprenticeships increasing, the number of under 19s starts have stagnated at around 20%. With the support of the Commercial Education Trust (CET), this project explores the characteristics of schools and individuals who buck the trend and asks: what distinguishes schools which guide significant numbers … Continue reading
Career Counseling in Japan – People in a better situation in terms of satisfaction, regular employment ratios, annual income and promotion
In FY2016, the Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training (JILPT) conducted a large-scale questionnaire survey to search for evidence on the effects of career counseling. In the survey, subjects were divided into those with past experience of receiving career counseling or similar types of counseling support, and those without such experience. Both groups were … Continue reading
Refugees in Northern Europe – Chances of finding work increase with each year of residence but plateau at a rate significantly below
Since the late 1970s, wealthy Northern European countries have been popular destinations for both humanitarian and labor migrants. The EU accession of formerly communist Eastern European countries in the early 2000s led to a substantial increase in labor migration toward Northern Europe. Overall, these migrants have found it reasonably easy to find work and are … Continue reading
Unemployment in Europe, January 2018 – Euro area at 8.6%, EU28 at 7.3% with 3.646 million young persons
The euro area (EA19) seasonally-adjusted unemployment rate was 8.6% in January 2018, stable compared to December 2017 and down from 9.6% in January 2017. This is the lowest rate recorded in the euro area since December 2008. The EU28 unemployment rate was 7.3% in January 2018, stable compared to December 2017 and down from 8.1% … Continue reading
Millennials in US – Expected to outnumber Boomers in 2019
Millennials are on the cusp of surpassing Baby Boomers as the nation’s largest living adult generation, according to population projections from the U.S. Census Bureau. As of July 1, 2016 (the latest date for which population estimates are available), Millennials, whom we define as ages 20 to 35 in 2016, numbered 71 million, and Boomers … Continue reading
Older people and employment in Scotland – The inequality of opportunities between different groups
Population ageing will increase pressure on governments to balance expenditure on the older population with tax revenues. However, this demographic change can offer a range of opportunities to support longer and more fulfilling working lives for those older people who want or need to continue to work past retirement age. This qualitative study is the … Continue reading
Social Sciences and Humanities Grads in Canada – Many face challenging career transitions
Thousands of students graduate from Canadian post-secondary institutions each year with an undergraduate degree in the social sciences or humanities (SSH). While most go on to a wide range of rewarding careers, many face challenging career transitions as they struggle to define their career paths and expectations and establish themselves in the labour market. These transition-related … Continue reading
NEETs in Canada – A fact sheet
This fact sheet explores the education and labour market situation of young Canadians aged 15 to 19. In this paper we find that: The proportion of 15 to 19 year old Canadians who are not in employment, education or training (NEET) has fallen over time. In general, countries with lower NEET rates for this age group … Continue reading
The Future of Work in Canada – Eight archetypes of jobs
According to three recent studies, based on 2011 Census data from Statistics Canada (see Figure 1), predictions about the number of jobs threatened by automation range from 35 to 42 percent. The varying percentages result from di erent approaches to calculating the coming speed and pervasiveness of automation. Methodology aside, even at the low end … Continue reading
Long-Term Job Vacancies in Canada – 9% of the total (377,500) in 2016
This study uses data from the Job Vacancy and Wage Survey (JVWS) to examine the characteristics of long-term job vacancies, defined as positions for which recruitment efforts had been ongoing for 90 days or more on the day of the survey. Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions: What is the prevalence of … Continue reading
Student Work during Secondary Education – Those who work during the summer holidays of secondary education are 15.3% more likely to have a job three months after leaving school
This study examines the direct and indirect impact (via educational achievement) of student work during secondary education on later employment outcomes. To this end, we jointly model student work and later schooling and employment outcomes as a chain of discrete choices. To tackle their endogeneity, we correct for these outcomes’ unobserved determinants. Using unique longitudinal … Continue reading
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