Job Market Monitor
Michel Cournoyer
Firms Benefits and Costs of Apprenticeship – Seven questions to determine how to align it with their goals
This paper presents an initial study of the benefits and costs faced by firms with apprenticeship programs. Recent policy focus on skill development and worker training has not been matched by a detailed understanding of the business case for apprenticeship. Based on conversations, site visits, and data collection with 13 organizations, we created a detailed … Continue reading
Apprenticeship in Germany – A Dual or ‘Parallel Systems’ ?
On the macro level (federal level) and exo level (state or regional level), the German Dual Apprenticeship System shows a high degree of institutionalised collaboration. However, the companies and vocational schools on the meso level (institutional level and level of the actors), in contrast, are just loosely coupled with a dominant partner (i.e., companies) and … Continue reading
Future of Work – Automation is a threat to low-income Workers unless the education and workforce systems change
In order to help low-income workers weather the economic storm of automation, a number of changes to the education and workforce retraining systems are needed: 1. Better data must be provided so that practitioners and policymakers can predict and measure the impact of automation and adjust their training programs accordingly. These resources need to be … Continue reading
Children’s Career Aspirations – They have little in common with projected workforce needs survey finds
Education and Employers, today launched a landmark report, Drawing the Future, which revealed that the difference between children’s career aspirations from age seven to 17 are marginal, and too often based on gender stereotypes, socio-economic backgrounds and by TV, film and radio. The report also shows that some sectors vital for economic health look set … Continue reading
Intention to depart the workforce earlier is also significantly associated with poor-quality management and experiencing adverse social behaviour
Demographic change is changing the face of working life across the EU. The increased demand on a shrinking pool of workers to provide for the social needs of an ageing population is leading to increases in the employment rate of older workers and a lengthening of working life. Policy reforms have – on the whole … Continue reading
Teacher in UK – What happens to teachers who leave the profession after they leave?
What happens to teachers who leave the profession after they leave? What can their destinations tell us about how schools and policymakers might better retain teachers? In this third Research Update, we use data from the Understanding Society survey to track teachers for several years after they leave. Our analysis shows that, on average, teachers’ … Continue reading
Higher Education – Graduates in more vocational subjects are more likely to be employed in highly skilled roles and are associated with higher early career earnings
It is well known that some higher education courses, such as first degrees in medicine or nursing, are highly vocational and teach specific skills and knowledge in preparation for a specific occupation. It is often assumed that subjects are either vocational or otherwise, but in fact all subjects have some vocational element, and the variation … Continue reading
Australia – Transitioning Australia’s skills base requires a radical shift in the nation’s approach to on-the-job learning says Microsoft
Microsoft believes that equipping the nation to succeed in the digital age – and ensuring all Australians are carried along – must be an urgent national priority. Through the launch of our National Skills Program in 2018 and the practical directions contained in this report, we hope to lead a focused conversation with our partners … Continue reading
The Current State of the World of Work – Some progress in the world of work has been achieved says ILO
There has been considerable progress in terms of socio-economic development and recognition of rights. These include, but are not limited to, the following: Job creation has been positive, albeit slightly below the rate of population growth: Total employment (including employees, contributing family workers, own-account workers and employers) continues to grow and has been accompanied by … Continue reading
Irregular Migration – Lawful migration channels can reduce unlawful migration when coupled with enhanced immigration enforcement
Richer countries are under pressure to respond to and regulate high levels of irregular migration reaching their borders. A prominent recommendation is for richer countries to expand opportunities for lawful or regular migration. Suppose they do. Will more regular migration simply raise migration overall, or will it substitute for and reduce irregular migration? The question … Continue reading
Automation and Minimum Wage in US – Some groups typically ignored in the minimum wage literature are in fact quite vulnerable to job loss
For decades, economists have studied the effects of the minimum wage on employees in the United States. These studies have largely focused on the employment effects for low- skilled workers – with the principal focus on teenagers. Overall, there is some controversy regarding whether disemployment effects exist, with some studies finding no effects,although with more … Continue reading
Overeducation – The problem relates to the supply of educated labour exceeding demand coupled with an inflexible labour market
Overeducation describes the extent to which an individual possesses a level of education in excess of that which is required for their particular job. Overeducation is potentially costly to the economy, the firm and the individual. At a macroeconomic level, national welfare is potentially lower than would be the case if the skills of all … Continue reading
Skills Gap in Europe – Shortages and mismatch are a major concerns
Skill shortages and skill mismatch are major concerns for policy-makers. With mass job destruction and sectoral restructuring following the recent economic crisis, four in 10 EU employers had difficulty finding people with the right skills, while unemployment rates peaked. Rapid digitalisation and technological skills obsolescence has also raised concerns about the extent to which the … Continue reading
The Future of Work in Australia – Many jobs will get better, but we will need different skills to do them report says
Over the past 70 years, the nature of work in Australia has transformed. The rst major shi was a gradual transition in the industries Australians worked in. Jobs in construction, manufacturing, mining and agricultural decreased while service sector jobs increased and now employ 80 per cent of Australians. A second shift has been an increase … Continue reading
National Qualifications Framework in Europe – They play a key role in improving transparency and comparability of qualifications nationally and internationally but have limited visibility
During 2015-16, political commitment and technical advancement in developing and implementing national qualifications frameworks (NQFs) have continued. More frameworks have been formally adopted and have reached operational status, becoming an integrated feature of national qualification systems. This has made it possible for more countries to complete their link to the European qualifications framework (EQF); … Continue reading
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