Job Market Monitor
United States
Factory Jobs in US – Labor shortages that delayed filling orders
James L. Brown tried to hire a dozen workers for his metal foundry here. Half of them flunked the drug test. Those results are typical, says the president of Bremen Castings Inc, a family-owned employer of 350 workers who make parts for trucks and other equipment. Drug problems are one factor contributing to a labor … Continue reading
Transferring Germany’s “dual” vocational training system
Over recent years, the partial or complete transfer of VET systems has become in- creasingly relevant in international and comparative vocational education and training research (Barabasch and Wolf, 2011; Phillips and Ochs, 2004). This issue also has an increasingly important international training policy aspect. In the context of high youth unemployment in some industrialised countries … Continue reading
Religious Groups in US – The most and least educated
Attainment of a four-year college degree in the United States, often regarded as a key asset for economic success, varies by race and gender. But the share of people completing a college education also differs by religion, with members of some faith groups much more educated, on average, than others. By far, Hindus and Unitarian Universalists … Continue reading
Job Report in US, October 2016 – Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 161,000
Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 161,000 in October, and the unemployment rate was little changed at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment continued to trend up in health care, professional and business services, and financial activities. Household Survey Data The unemployment rate, at 4.9 percent, and the number of … Continue reading
The Price of College in US – Financial challenges are a consistent predictor of non-completion in higher education
Our research indicates that the current approach to higher education financing too often leaves low-income students facing unexpected, and sometimes untenable, expenses… Financial challenges are a consistent predictor of non-completion in higher education, and they are becoming more severe over time. Unexpected costs, even those that might appear modest in size, can derail students from … Continue reading
Job Growth in US – Startup businesses at historically low rates
The U.S. economy is inching along, productivity is flagging and millions of Americans appear locked out of the labor market. One key factor intertwined with this loss of dynamism: The U.S. is creating startup businesses at historically low rates. The American economy has long relied on fast-growing young companies to fuel job growth and spread … Continue reading
Skills Gap in US and Digital Readiness – How familiar adults are with specific educational resources or concepts
How familiar adults are with specific educational resources or concepts: As it turns out, there is not widespread public awareness of some of the key resources that are becoming available thanks to innovation online. Noteworthy majorities of Americans say they are “not too” or “not at all” aware of these things: Common Core standards – … Continue reading
Women’s Labour Market Participation – The Canada–U.S. gap
Substantial increases in the labour force participation of women are a striking feature of the labour market developments in most Western nations. While the growth in participation began at different times and has advanced at different rates, the quantitative changes in the North American labour market over the past three decades have been remarkable. According … Continue reading
US – Black workers in particular may have suffered more widespread wage losses
Census Bureau data shows that median earnings for full-time, year-round workers dropped from by nearly 3 percent for men and 1 percent for women between 2009 and 2014. While new data from the Labor Department shows that wage gains have accelerated over the past two years, that trend is only beginning to make up for … Continue reading
US – Union boost to nonunion pay has weakened
Pay for private-sector workers has barely budged over the past three and a half decades. In fact, for men in the private sector who lack a college degree and do not belong to a labor union, real wages today are substantially lower than they were in the late 1970s. In the debates over the causes … Continue reading
Minimum Wage in US – Only 5 percent of all employers believe the federal minimum wage ($7.25 per hour) is fair
Three-quarters of Americans (75 percent) are living paycheck-to-paycheck to make ends meet, according to a survey from CareerBuilder. Thirty-eight percent of employees said they sometimes live paycheck-to-paycheck, 15 percent said they usually do and 23 percent said they always do. While making ends meet is a struggle for many post-recession, those with minimum wage jobs … Continue reading
Digitalisation in the US – Significantly higher risk of job losses for workers with low wages
Digitalisation has a substantial impact on the labour market, by modifying skills needed, working conditions and job dynamics in the US. Concerning skills needs, individuals need new digital skills to respond to employers’ needs, but also to function well in society as whole. These skills range from basic digital literacy to advanced technical skills. Moreover, … Continue reading
The Teacher Pay Gap in US – Wider than ever
What this report finds: The teacher pay penalty is bigger than ever. In 2015, public school teachers’ weekly wages were 17.0 percent lower than those of comparable workers—compared with just 1.8 percent lower in 1994. This erosion of relative teacher wages has fallen more heavily on experienced teachers than on entry-level teachers. Importantly, collective bargaining … Continue reading
US – The erosion in labor mobility and entrepreneurship since 2000 can be more accurately explained by weak demand
Academics and policymakers have recently focused on a worsening economic phenomenon commonly referred to as the decline in “business dynamism,” that is, the declining rate at which new businesses are formed and the rate at which they grow. This decline in dynamism and entrepreneurship accompanies a decline in overall labor market mobility, including quits and … Continue reading
Federal Minimum Wage in US – This week marks the seven-year anniversary of the last time it was raised
This week marks the seven-year anniversary of the last time the federal minimum wage was raised, from $6.55 to $7.25 on July 24, 2009. Since then, the purchasing power of the federal minimum wage has fallen by 10 percent as inflation has slowly eroded its value. However, this decline in the buying power of the … Continue reading
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