Job Market Monitor
United Kingdom
Current apprenticeships policy and developments in England
Skills and training are devolved policy areas. This Briefing Paper covers apprenticeships in England. Sources of information on apprenticeships in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are included in Section 4, Useful Sources. The Government has made a commitment of 3 million new apprenticeships starts in England between 2015 and 2020. Apprenticeships are full-time paid jobs … Continue reading
Apprenticeship in UK – How UK apprentices perceive their pay
This essay explores apprenticeship pay as a key area of employee relations. It considers how apprentices perceive their current level of apprenticeship pay and critically evaluates the impact on young people’s future careers and inclusion. The essay considers the perspectives of employers, policy-makers, and trade unions within this evaluation. Thus the predominant aim of the … Continue reading
Welfare, Universal Credit and Wages in UK – Minimum wage not as effective as transfer payments at alleviating income poverty
Duncan Smith’s resignation letter (a former British Cabinet Minister) laid this divide bare: “There has been too much emphasis on money saving exercises and not enough awareness from the Treasury, in particular, that the government’s vision of a new welfare-to-work system could not be repeatedly salami-sliced.” In typically dramatic fashion, last year Osborne jacked up … Continue reading
From Low Pay to Higher Pay in UK – People who are on low pay more likely to be in employment in the future than the unemployed or not in the labour force
There is a sizable body of literature examining low paid employment with a focus on state- dependence of low pay – that is, whether and to what extent current low paid employment increases the probability of remaining in low pay in the future. The interest in state-dependence of low pay arises from a concern that … Continue reading
The Economic Impact of Universities in UK – Over £73.11 billion of output and 757,268 full-time- equivalent (FTE) jobs
The role of higher education in the economy and its potential contribution to supporting economic recovery and development continues to attract considerable attention in all developed countries. 2013 saw the 50th anniversary of the Robbins Report on Higher Education, which shaped much of today’s UK higher education system. Fifty years on, there is a renewed and extensive … Continue reading
UK – Making apprenticeships work for young women
Young Women’s Trust wants to see an apprenticeship system that offers young women the best opportunities and makes the most of their talents. Apprenticeships are an important route to skills development and work for young people. However, evidence shows that they are not working as well for young women as they are for young men. … Continue reading
Skills Gap in UK – The number of skill-shortage vacancies has gone up by 43%
There was substantial growth in the number of employers active in the recruitment market in 2015 compared to 2013: 19 per cent of establishments had at least one current vacancy at the time of ESS 2015 eldwork, up from 15 per cent in 2013. Moreover, there were 928,000 reported vacancies, almost 300,000 more than two years … Continue reading
The Mandatory Work Experience Placements in UK – What students got out of employers being involved in their education
Work experience placements are mandatory in the UK for all young people aged 16–18 in education, and their employability effects and associated wage premia are well noted in the literature. In the half a century since the Newsom Report (1963) first recommended that exposure to the working world be incorporated into the final years of … Continue reading
Private Education in UK – 7% of the population but 71% of top military officers
A privately educated elite continues to dominate the UK’s leading professions, taking top jobs in fields as diverse as the law, politics, medicine and journalism, according to new research. The Sutton Trust educational charity has been carrying out similar surveys for more than a decade, and though it reports “small signs” of progress, this year’s … Continue reading
Income inequality in UK – Gini coefficients from 1977 to 2014/15
There are a number of different ways in which inequality of household income can be presented and summarised. Perhaps the most widely used measure internationally is the Gini coefficient. Gini coefficients can vary between 0 and 100 and the lower the value, the more equally household income is distributed. Analysis of Gini coefficients for all … Continue reading
Job Report in UK, February 2016 – The employment rate reaches a record high of 74.1%
Main points for October to December 2015 There were 31.42 million people in work, 205,000 more than for July to September 2015 and 521,000 more than for a year earlier. There were 22.98 million people working full-time, 387,000 more than for a year earlier. There were 8.43 million people working part-time, 134,000 more than for … Continue reading
Inequality – Students in the most deprived schools are half as likely as those from more affluent schools to be entered triple science in UK
New Schools Network research has found that there is a worrying trend that excludes the poorest students from the most rigorous subjects at GCSE. ++ Schools in the least affluent areas account for only 85,000 entries for Biology, Chemistry and Physics GCSEs, compared to 160,000 from advantaged schools ++ Pupils in most deprived schools opting … Continue reading
UK – A £1,000 charge to employers for every non-EU migrant worker the Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) says
Companies which hire skilled workers from outside the European Union should face a £1,000 surcharge per head, the Government’s official immigration advisers have said. The Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) said that by increasing the cost of hiring from abroad, the new charge would encourage employers to invest in training British workers instead. The salary threshold … Continue reading
UK – The graduate job market in 2016
The graduate economy recovered quickly in 2014–15, so the graduate jobs market is now seeing significant shortages in some areas. If anything, they will be even more central to the UK graduate labour market in 2016. We now have widespread graduate shortages across a range of key sectors, such as engineering, building and construction, teaching, … Continue reading
UK Job Report (October 2015) – The employment rate has reached a record high
There were 31.30 million people in work, 207,000 more than for May to July 2015 and 505,000 more than for a year earlier. There were 22.88 million people working full-time, 338,000 more than for a year earlier. There were 8.42 million people working part-time, 167,000 more than for a year earlier. The employment rate (the … Continue reading
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