Job Market Monitor
Academic Literature
Gender Gap – Entrenched through candidates long-term expectations and assumptions
Roxana Barbulescu and Matthew Bidwell examine differences in the jobs for which men and women apply in order to better understand gender segregation in managerial jobs in Do Women Choose Different Jobs from Men? Mechanisms of Application Segregation in the Market for Managerial Workers on wharton.upenn.edu. The authors develop and test an integrative theory of why women might apply to different jobst … Continue reading
US – Occupation Unemployment
Back in 2000, just 3% of electricians in the United States were unemployed. By the end of the decade, 19% of electricians were out of work — a huge increase that reflected the lasting turmoil wrought by the recession. Although unemployment among electricians improved to 12.9% in 2011, other occupations haven’t fared so well. The … Continue reading
US Unemployment: On the Supernatural Rate
The Natural Rate Hypothesis has been around us for … since Freidman presidential adress (1968?). Economists know that the definition lies on shaky grounds: the general “equilibrium” referred to in the definition has never existed or proven to exist. But assuming it does exist, we should add a concept acounting for the huge gap between … Continue reading
Krugman – Macro 101 – Sticky Wages
A bit more methodology discussion. I’ve written quite a lot about sticky wages, aka downward nominal wage rigidity, which is one of those things that we can’t derive from first principles but is a glaringly obvious feature of the real world. But I keep running into comments along the lines of “Well, if you think … Continue reading
Women and racial minorities – Why do inequalities persist?
While women and racial minorities have increasingly crossed the threshold into professional service organizations, the path to the top remains elusive. Why do inequalities persist? McGinn and Milkman study processes of cohesion, competition, and comparison by looking at career mobility in a single up-or-out professional service organization. Findings show that higher proportions of same-sex and … Continue reading
Youth Unemployment in EU – The crisis has caused a significant increase, but rates vary widely
“There are many reasons for youth unemployment: besides the general situation on the labour market, one might mention education and training systems, labour market and employment policies, but also the stratification and distribution of opportunities in society” write JOERG BERGSTERMANN AND BJOERN HACKER in Youth Unemployment in Europe on social-europe.eu. As things stand at the moment, the … Continue reading
Outsourcing comes with a wage penalty, at least in some occupations
“Outsourcing of labor services grew substantially during the 1980s and 1990s and was associated with lower wages, fewer benefits, and lower rates of unionization” write Arindrajit Dube and Ethan Kaplan in Does Outsourcing Reduce Wages in the LowWage Service Occupations? Evidence from Janitors and Guards on digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu The authors focus on two occupations for which they can identify outsourcing in … Continue reading
Slice and dice unemployment
When you’ve looked for monthly unemployment data, you have probably noticed that you can pretty readily find those data sliced by race or gender. Sometimes you can find the data arranged by age group or by educational attainment. But each of those dimensions — race or ethnicity, gender, age, and educational attainment — operate at once to … Continue reading
Youth Unemployment – How to measure it ?
The limitations of the unemployment rate as a measure of labour market conditions among the youth population is acknowledged by Eurostat, who now publish both the ratio and the rate for the population aged 15-24. (Their recent figures for Ireland for 2011 are low and may not reflect the latest Census returns.) The distinction between … Continue reading
Mass Involontary Unemployment
There is some agreement among macroeconomists that the persistently high unemployment in the late 1970s and beyond was consistent with the economists concept of involuntary unemployment. Involuntary unemployment is a fundamental concept in macroeconomics and indicates that individuals are constrained by the systemic failure of the economy to provide enough jobs and have little power … Continue reading
Might income inequality make structural adjustments more difficult?
The growing public debt in many nations has brought fiscal rebalancing to the top of policy agendas. This means raising taxes, or cutting expenditure. Recent US experience in the US and other nations suggest the presence of structural factors accounting for resistance to tax reforms.
Employment policy is also health policy
Employment policy is also health policy according to a University of British Columbia study that found that workers experienced higher mortality rates if they didn’t have access to social protections like employment insurance and unemployment benefits. Researchers with the Human Early Learning Partnership and the School of Population and Public Health at UBC found that … Continue reading
United States has its own money, the dollar, while Spain operates on foreign money, the euro, why ?
Why can the U.S. government borrow at some of the lowest interest rates ever, while Spain can only borrow at exorbitant rates that threaten to drive it into bankruptcy? The difference isn’t their debt and deficits. In 2011, U.S. debt was 98% of GDP, its deficit 10% of GDP; Spanish debt was 69% of GDP, … Continue reading
Would the key element of Reaganomics (the Laffer Curve) work today? Experts say NO
The Laffer Curve by Wikipedia In economics, the Laffer curve (sometimes referred to as the Laffer-Khaldun curve) is a hypothetical representation of the relationship between government revenue raised by taxation and all possible rates of taxation. It is used to illustrate the concept of taxable income elasticity – that taxable income will change in response to changes in the rate of taxation. The Laffer … Continue reading
Book: Why Good People Can’t Get Jobs: The Skills Gap and What Companies Can Do About It | Wharton Digital Press
Even in a time of perilously high unemployment, companies contend that they cannot find the employees they need. Pointing to a skills gap, employers argue applicants are simply not qualified; schools aren’t preparing students for jobs; the government isn’t letting in enough high-skill immigrants; and even when the match is right, prospective employees won’t accept … Continue reading
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