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Google Targeted Ads and the Gender Gap – High paying jobs shown to man more than women research finds
Using AdFisher, we conducted 21 experiments using 17,370 agents that collected over 600,000 ads. Our experiments found instances of discrimination, opacity, and choice in targeted ads of Google. Discrimination, is at some level, inherent to profiling: the point of profiling is to treat some people differently. While customization can be helpful, we highlight a case … Continue reading
Low Wages in US – Raises would boost overall productivity growth, with likely minimal effect on employment
As the United States emerges from the Great Recession, concern is rising nationally over the issues of income inequality, stagnation of workers’ wages, and especially the struggles of lower-skilled workers at the -bottom end of the wage scale. While Washington deliberates legislation raising the minimum wage, a number of major American employers—for example, Aetna and … Continue reading
Canada – Labour productivity of a firm engaging in offshoring was 6.8% higher StatCan finds
Offshoring refers to the sourcing of intermediate inputs for domestic production abroad. Specifically, in this paper, offshoring refers to goods imported directly by manufacturers, including both intra- and inter-firm transactions across international borders. Excluded, because of data limitations, are goods imported through intermediaries as well as services. Firms engaging in offshoring are found to be … Continue reading
US – Import competition from China reduces manufacturing employment St-Louis Fed finds
In theory, trade is good. In practice, considerable debate exists on whether importing foreign goods has an adverse effect on the domestic economy (and on the labor market in particular). The impact of this effect depends on whether foreign goods compete with or complement local production. For example, if imported computers can easily substitute for … Continue reading
Employment Growth Rates in Canada – Most firms exhibit little organic growth StatCan finds
Studies on job growth typically seek answers to questions such as: What is the source of the growth of jobs? Does job growth lie predominantly in small, large, young or old firms? Where is job growth strongest? Where is it most volatile? An earlier Statistics Canada study, published in The Daily on July 5, 2012, showed that … Continue reading
Canada – No evidence of a national labour shortage at present or into the foreseeable future research finds
This report outlines the findings of a knowledge synthesis project which was established to gather and learn more about what the best existing peer-reviewed research reveals about labour and skills supplies in Canada now and in the near future. This study identifies not only what is known but also the gaps in research relating to … Continue reading
Temporary Help Employment in US – Accounts for a large share of gross job losses and job gains
The temporary help industry accounts for about 2 percent of average daily employment in the U.S. economy but plays an outsized role in workforce adjustment during recessions and recoveries. During the last recession, the largest since the Great Depression of the 1930s, employment in the temporary help industry contracted by 30 percent and accounted for … Continue reading
China’s Skills Gap – Causes a sizeable share of graduates to take up jobs unrelated to their studies
The skills mismatch, defined as the difference between skills demanded by employers and those available in the market, can be captured using the MyCOS survey data based on the answers of over 150 000 graduates in 2013, six months after graduation. The survey asked graduates to judge whether a certain skill type is important for … Continue reading
Occupational Licensing in US – Those with a license earn higher pay, are more likely to be employed, and have a higher probability of receiving retirement and pension plan offers
Occupational licensing has become increasingly important in the regulation of services in the United States. The number of occupations requiring a license has grown since the 1970s, as has the percentage of workers who have attained or are covered by a governmental license. The number of studies analyzing occupational regulation, however, has not kept pace. … Continue reading
EU – A Single Labor Market has not been accomplished yet
A Single European Labor Market, particularly involving the free movement of workers within Europe, has been a goal of the European community since the 1950s. While a Single European Labor Market may create certain drawbacks, it certainly entails benefits that are likely to outweigh the downsides. Labor market experts agree that free labor mobility is … Continue reading
US Law School Class of 2010 – Job outcomes have improved only marginally
The law school Class of 2010 faced a bleak employment market. Nine months after graduation, only 87.6% of the class reported a job of any type. More than a tenth of the employed graduates were working part-time, and more than a fifth held jobs that did not require a law license. As the National Association … Continue reading
US – The population-wide impact of the Great Recession on mental health
Prevalence of major depression increased from 2.33 percent during the years 2005-2006 to 3.49 percent in 2009-2010 to 3.79 percent in 2011-2012, according to the study by Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine researchers. Prevalence of less-severe depression increased from 4.1 percent in 2005-2006 to 4.79 percent in 2009-2010, but then declined to 3.68 … Continue reading
Youth Unemployment in Australia – The impacts of the Global Financial Crisis on
Australia was one of the few OECD countries to emerge from the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) without facing a recession, usually defined as negative GDP growth for two consecutive quarters. However, the (overall) unemployment rate did increase following the GFC and has still not returned to the pre-GFC levels. Unemployment rates for youths went up … Continue reading
Unemployment and Parenthood – Its impact differs according to the relationship research finds
Unemployment leads to earlier entries into parenthood for both men and women. However, its impact differs according to the relationship status in which it is experienced. Unemployed men who cohabit and unemployed women who are single have a higher probability of becoming parents. Among married individuals the timing of parenthood is determined largely by the … Continue reading
Labor Market Polarization in US – Higher education and the Wage Gaps
The earnings gap between people with a college degree and those with no education beyond high school has been growing since the late 1970s. Since 2000, however, the gap has grown more for those who have earned a post-graduate degree as well. The divergence between workers with college degrees and those with graduate degrees may … Continue reading
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