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Academic Literature
Aging and Immigration in Europe – In addition to their integration into the labor force, the human capital of migrants is thus also a major determinant of their economic impact
This paper provides a systematic, multidimensional demographic analysis of the degree to which negative economic consequences of population aging can be mitigated by changes in migration and labor-force participation. Using a microsimulation population projection model accounting for 13 individual characteristics including education and immigration-related variables, we built scenarios of future changes in labor-force participation, migration … Continue reading
Gender Gap in Job Displacement – Women face growing higher earnings losses
Existing research has shown that job displacement leads to large and persistent earnings losses for men, but evidence for women is scarce. In fact, there is more research on how women react to their husband’s job loss than to their own. Using a sample of more than 80,000 displaced workers extracted from German administrative data, … Continue reading
AI and Jobs – No clear relationship but AI is linked to higher employment growth in IT occupations
Recent years have seen impressive advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and this has stoked renewed concern about the impact of technological progress on the labour market, including on worker displacement. This paper looks at the possible links between AI and employment in a cross-country context. It adapts the AI occupational impact measure developed by Felten, … Continue reading
Soft Skills – A training program based on serious games
In the 21st century, to be successful at the workplace and to get their first job, potential employees must have both “soft skills” (“know how to be”) and “hard skills” (“know how to do”). The proposed Soft Skills Training Program (SSTP) combines multiple serious games to train future employees in four key soft skills that … Continue reading
Minimum Wages US – From 1912 to 1968
Minimum wages have been among the most controversial government interventions in labor markets for more than a century. We focus on the political economy of the rise of the American minimum wage from its beginnings as state laws for women and children in the 1910s through the years when the federal minimum wage reached its peak … Continue reading
Labour Market Information (LMI) and Social Justice – A critical literature review
This article presentsof the relationship between Labour Market Information (LMI) and career guidance. We will particularly explore the underpinning theories which are used in the field to discuss LMI and how these relate to social justice. For the purposes of this article, we will define LMI in the same way that Esbrogeo and Melo-Silva (2012) … Continue reading
Immigrant Labor and the US-born Elderly – Immigration allows more of them to age outside institutions research finds
Immigration allows more U.S. elderly to age outside institutions by lowering the cost of home-based care, find Kristin F. Butcher of Wellesley, Kelsey Moran of MIT, and Tara Watson of Williams College. The authors show that a 10-percentage point increase in the less educated, foreign-born share of the local labor force lowers the probability of … Continue reading
Wage Bargaining in US – A limited determinant of wage setting research finds
How wages are set is central to understanding the growth of wages and earnings, worker mobility, wage inequality, and the causes of unemployment. Bargaining models and explanations based on them assume that workers have the ability to negotiate compensation and that wages incorporate information about a worker’s outside option(s). With renegotiation, wages can adjust in … Continue reading
Economic Research on Minimum Wage in US – A clear picture that is at odds with how this research is often summarized
The disagreement among studies of the employment effects of minimum wages in the United States is well known. What is less well known, and more puzzling, is the absence of agreement on what the research literature says – that is, how economists even summarize the body of evidence on the employment effects of minimum wages. … Continue reading
Labour Market Recovery after Covid in Canada – How broad the reach of it will be is very much an open question
The Canadian labor market experienced a period of unprecedented turmoil following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyze the main changes using standard labor force statistics and new data on job postings. Envisaging a phase of temporary severing of employment relationships followed by a phase of more standard labor market search and matching, we … Continue reading
Pandemic UI in US – Ending it increased employment by 4.4 pp while reducing UI recipiency by 35 pp
In June 2021, 22 states ended all supplemental pandemic unemployment insurance (UI) benefits, eliminating benefits entirely for over 2 million workers and reducing benefits by $300 per week for over 1 million workers. Using anonymous bank transaction data and a difference-in-differences research design, we measure the effect of withdrawing pandemic UI on the financial and … Continue reading
Gender Gaps in Career Advice – Professionals are more than twice as likely to provide information on work/ life balance issues to female students than to male students
College students often seek career advice from their social and professional networks, and the information that students receive may shape their perceptions of careers and infuence their decision making. As of yet, there is little evidence on whether male and female students have access to the same information about careers. In our paper, we investigate whether student … Continue reading
STEM Workers and Productivity in Belgium – The gains from increasing their share by 10 percentage points is linked with an increase in productivity of around 20%
Few would argue that they would rather “work harder” than “work smarter”. Yet, the indicator that measures smart working – productivity – shows at best sluggish growth since the financial crisis. Belgium for instance has experienced little productivity growth in recent years and has only increased its labour productivity by ~5% over the decade since … Continue reading
Competences of Nurse Refugees Without Documentation – An Internationally Recognized Frameworks
Individuals seeking refuge in host countries is a global reality. Some of these individuals are qualified nurses. If, and when, the documents pertaining to a nurse qualification are not presented to the respective authorities of a host country, the challenges for these qualified nurses to secure registration and employment as nurses are numerous and often … Continue reading
15$ Federal Minimum Wage in US – Most Americans support it
About six-in-ten U.S. adults (62%) say they favor raising the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour, including 40% who strongly back the idea. About four-in-ten (38%) say they oppose the proposal, according to a Pew Research Center survey conducted April 5-11. The Biden administration and many congressional Democrats favor increasing the federal minimum wage … Continue reading
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